to praise virtues

1 to celebrate.

María celebró su buena fortuna Mary celebrated her good fortune.

Los soldados celebraron como enloquecidos The soldiers celebrated like mad

Ellos celebran el día D They celebrate=commemorate D-day.

2 to hold (llevar a cabo).

celebraremos la reunión esta tarde we'll hold the meeting this afternoon

3 to praise, to applaud.

4 to officiate.

El cura celebró el casamiento The priest officiated the marriage.

5 to formalize, to execute.

EXEX celebró su entrada al mercado EXEX formalized its entry in the market

* * *

► verbo transitivo

1 (festejar) to celebrate

■ celebrar una boda to celebrate a wedding

2 (organizar) to hold

■ celebraron el debate ayer the debate was held yesterday

3 (alabar) to praise

■ celebrar virtudes to praise virtues

4 (estar contento) to be happy about

■ celebro lo de tu ascenso I congratulate you on your promotion

5 RELIGIÓN (misa) to say, celebrate

► verbo intransitivo

1 (misa) to say Mass

► verbo pronominal celebrarse

1 (tener lugar) to take place, be held

■ el congreso se celebró en Granada the conference was held in Granada

■ mi cumpleaños se celebra en julio my birthday is in July

* * *

1) to celebrate

2) hold

3) perform

* * *

1. VT

1) (=festejar) [+ aniversario, acontecimiento] to celebrate

2) (=llevar a cabo) [+ congreso, juicio, elecciones, fiesta] to hold; [+ acuerdo, contrato] to sign

3) frm (=alegrarse de)

4) (=alabar) [+ valor, belleza] to celebrate, praise; [+ ventajas] to preach, dwell on; [+ bromas, gracias] to laugh at

5) (Rel) [+ boda, ceremonia] to perform

VI [sacerdote] to celebrate mass, say mass

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( festejar) <éxito/cumpleaños/festividad> to celebrate

b) (liter) <belleza/valor/hazaña> to celebrate (liter)

c) <chiste/ocurrencia> to laugh at

2) (frml) ( alegrarse) to be delighted at, be very pleased at

3)

a) (frml) <reunión/elecciones/juicio> to hold; < partido> to play

b) < misa> to say, celebrate; < boda> to perform, solemnize (frml)

c) (frml) <acuerdo/pacto/contrato> to sign

* * *

= celebrate, pull out + the corks.

Ex. Were we to allow ourselves to be enticed by it, we should be celebrating our Bicentennial by a return to the pre-Panizzi days in cataloging.

Ex. Yet rather than battening down the hatches and boarding up the shopfronts, it is more a case of polishing the silver and pulling out the corks.

----

* celebrar + Acontecimiento = hold + Acontecimiento.

* celebrar a lo grande = make + a song and dance about.

* celebrar el centenario = celebrate + centenary.

* celebrar elecciones = hold + elections.

* celebrar la ocasión = mark + the occasion.

* celebrar por todo lo alto = make + a song and dance about.

* celebrarse = take + place.

* celebrarse un juicio = trial + come up.

* celebrar un acontecimiento = hold + event.

* celebrar una convención = hold + convention.

* celebrar un acuerdo = enter into + agreement.

* celebrar una exposición = hold + exhibition.

* celebrar una ocasión especial = mark + a special occasion.

* celebrar una reunión = hold + meeting.

* celebrar un congreso = hold + conference.

* celebrar un contrato = enter into + contract.

* celebrar un curso especial = hold + institute.

* celebrar un seminario = hold + seminar.

* celebrar victoria = claim + victory.

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( festejar) <éxito/cumpleaños/festividad> to celebrate

b) (liter) <belleza/valor/hazaña> to celebrate (liter)

c) <chiste/ocurrencia> to laugh at

2) (frml) ( alegrarse) to be delighted at, be very pleased at

3)

a) (frml) <reunión/elecciones/juicio> to hold; < partido> to play

b) < misa> to say, celebrate; < boda> to perform, solemnize (frml)

c) (frml) <acuerdo/pacto/contrato> to sign

* * *

* * *

celebrar [A1 ]

1 (festejar) ‹éxito/cumpleaños/festividad› to celebrate

hoy se celebra el centenario the centenary is being celebrated today

celebran su fiesta nacional el 14 de julio they celebrate their national day on July 14

¡esto hay que celebrarlo! this calls for a celebration!

2 ( liter); ‹belleza/valor/hazaña› to celebrate ( liter)

3 ‹chiste/broma› to laugh at

B ( frml); ‹noticia/resultado› to be delighted at, be very pleased at

lo celebro mucho I'm absolutey delighted o really pleased

celebro volver a verlo I am delighted o very pleased to see you again

1 ( frml); ‹reunión/elecciones/juicio› to hold; ‹partido› to play

el acto/la reunión se celebró en Caracas the ceremony/meeting was held o took place in Caracas

celebrarán una reunión a puerta cerrada they will meet behind closed doors

la final se celebra este domingo the final will be played o will take place this Sunday

para celebrar una conferencia interurbana ( Esp); to make a long-distance call

2 ‹misa› to say, celebrate; ‹boda› to perform, solemnize ( frml)

3 ( frml); ‹acuerdo/pacto/contrato› to sign

«sacerdote» to say o celebrate mass

* * *

a) ‹éxito/cumpleaños/festividad› to celebrate

b) (liter) ‹belleza/valor/hazaña› to celebrate (liter)

c) ‹chiste/ocurrencia› to laugh at

◊ celebro su éxito I'm delighted to hear about your success

a) (frml) ‹reunión/elecciones/juicio› to hold;

b) ‹ misa› to say, celebrate;

* * *

♦ vt

1. [festejar] to celebrate;

esta victoria hay que celebrarla this victory calls for a celebration

2. [llevar a cabo] to hold;

celebraremos la reunión esta tarde we'll hold the meeting this afternoon

3. [oficio religioso] to celebrate;

¿quién va a celebrar vuestra boda? who will be the priest at your wedding?;

celebró una misa en memoria del difunto he said o celebrated a mass in memory of the deceased

4. [alegrarse de]

celebro que hayas podido venir I'm delighted you were able to come

5. [alabar] to praise, to applaud

♦ vi

♦ See also the pronominal verb celebrarse

* * *

1 misa celebrate; reunión, acto oficial hold; fiesta have, hold

lo celebro mucho I’m extremely pleased

* * *

celebrar vt

1) festejar: to celebrate

2) : to hold (a meeting)

3) : to say (Mass)

4) : to welcome, to be happy about

celebrar vi

: to be glad

♦ See also the reflexive verb celebrarse

* * *

celebrar vb

1. (festejar) to celebrate

2. (llevar a cabo) to hold [pt. & pp. held]

गुणः [गुण्-अच्]

1 A quality (good or bad); सुगुण, दुर्गुण; यदङ्गनारूपसरूपतायाः कञ्चिद्गुणं भेदकमिच्छतीभिः Śi.3.42.

-2 (a) A good quality, merit, virtue, excellence; कतमे ते गुणाः Māl.1; वसन्ति हि प्रेम्णि गुणा न वस्तुनि Ki.8.37; R.1.9,22; साधुत्वे तस्य को गुणः Pt.4.18. (b) Eminence.

-3 Use, advantage, good (with instr. usually), Pt. 5.; कः स्थानलाभे गुणः 2.21; H.1.49; Mu.1.15.

-4 Effect, result, efficacy, good result; संभावनागुणमवेहि तमीश्वराणाम् Ś.7.4; गुणमहतां महते गुणाय योगः Ki.1.25;6. 7.

-5 (a) A single thread or string. (b) Thread, string, rope, cord, मेखलागुणैः Ku.4.8;5.1; तृणैर्गुणत्व- मापन्नैर्वध्यन्ते मत्तदन्तिनः H.1.32; यतः परेषां गुणग्रहीतासि Bv.1. 9 (where गुण also means 'a merit').

-6 The bow- string; गुणकृत्ये धनुषो नियोजिता Ku.4.15,29; कनकपिङ्गतडिद्- गुणसंयुतम् R.9.54.

-7 The string of a musical instrument; कलवल्लकीगुणस्वानमानम् Śi.4.57.

-8 A sinew.

-9 A quali- ty, attribute, property in general; यादृग्गुणेन भर्त्रा स्त्री संयुज्येत यथाविधि Ms.9.22.

-1 A quality, characte- ristic or property of all substances, one of the seven categories of padārthas of the Vaiśeṣikas, (the number of these properties is 24).

-11 An ingredient or constituent of nature, any one of the three proper- ties belonging to all created things; (these are स्त्व, रजस् and तमस्); गुणत्रयविभागाय Ku.2.4; सत्त्वं रजस्तम इति गुणाः प्रकृतिसंभवाः Bg.14.5; R.3.27.

-12 A wick, cotton thread; नृपदीपो धनस्नेहं प्रजाभ्यः संहरन्नपि । अन्तर- स्थैर्गुणैः शुभ्रैर्लक्ष्यते नैव केनचित् ॥ Pt.1.221.

-13 An object of sense, (these are five रूप, रस, गन्ध, स्पर्श, and शब्द); गुणैर्गुणान्स भुञ्जान आत्मप्रद्योतितैः प्रभुः Bhāg.11.3.5.

-14 Repetition, multiplication, denoting 'folds' or 'times', usually at the end of comp. after numerals; आहारो द्विगुणः स्त्रीणां बुद्धिस्तासां चतुर्गुणा । ष़ड्गुणो व्यवसायश्च कामश्चाष्टगुणः स्मृतः ॥ Chāṇ.78; so त्रिणुण; शतगुणीभवति becomes a hundred-fold, अध्यर्धगुणमाहुर्यं बले शौर्ये च केशव Mb.11.2.1.

-15 A secondary element, a subordinate part (opp. मुख्य); न च गुणानुग्रहार्थं प्रधानस्यावृत्तिर्युक्ता ŚB. on MS.12.1.4.

-16 Excess, abundance, superfluity; पराङ्मुखवधं कृत्वा को$त्र प्राप्तस्त्वया गुणः Rām.4.17.16.

-17 An adjective, a word subordinate to another in a sentence.

-18 The substitution of ए, ओ, अर् and अल् for इ, उ, ऋ (short or long) and लृ, or the vowels अ, ए, ओ and अर् and अल्.

-19 (In Rhet.) Quality considered as an inherent property of a Rasa or sentiment. Mammaṭa thus defines गुण. --ये रहस्याङ्गिनो धर्माः शौर्यादय इवात्मनः । उत्कर्ष- हेतवस्ते स्युरचलस्थितयो गुणाः ॥ K. P.8. (Some writers on rhetoric, such as Vāmana, Jagannātha Paṇḍita, Daṇḍin and others, consider Guṇas to be properties both of शब्द and अर्थ, and mention ten varieties under each head. Mammaṭa, however, recognises only three, and, after discussing and criticizing the views of others, says: माधुर्यौजःप्रसादाख्यास्त्रयस्ते न पुनर्दश K. P.8); Ki.17.6.

-2 (In gram. and Mīm.) Property considered as the meaning of a class of words; e. g. grammarians recognise four kinds of the meaning of words; जाति, गुण, किया and द्रव्य, and give गौः, शुक्लः, चलः and डित्थः as in- stances to illustrate these meanings.

-21 (In politics) A proper course of action, an expedient. (The expedi- ents to be used by a king in foreign politics are six:-- 1 सन्धि peace or alliance; 2 विग्रह war; 3 यान march or expedition; 4 स्थान or आसन halt; 5 संश्रय seeking shelter; 6 द्वैध or द्वैधीभाव duplicity; सन्धिर्ना विग्रहो यानमासनं द्वैधमाश्रयः Ak.) see Y.1.346; Ms.7.16; Śi.2.26; R.8.21.

-22 The number 'three' (derived from the three qualities).

-23 The chord of an arc (in geom.).

-24 An organ of sense.

-25 A subordinate dish; Ms. 3.226,233.

-26 A cook.

-27 An epithet of Bhīma as in युधिष्टिरो$पि गुणप्रियः Vas.

-28 Leaving, abandonment.

-29 A multiplier, coefficient (in math.)

-3 Division, subdivision, species, kind.

-31 The peculiar property of letters which are pronounced with external utter- ance (बाह्यप्रयत्न); they are eleven.

-Comp. -अग्ऱ्यम् a principal quality; ˚वर्तिन्; स्वमूर्तिभेदेन गुणाग्ऱ्यवर्तिना पतिः प्रजानामिव सर्गमात्मनः R.3.27.

-अगुणः merit and demerit Ms.3.22;9.331; अनपेक्ष्य गुणागुणौ जनः स्वरुचिं निश्चयतो$नु- धावति Si.16.44.

-अतीत a. freed from all properties, being beyond them; सर्वारम्भपरित्यागी गुणातीतः स उच्यते Bg.14.25. (

-तः) the Supreme Being.

-अधिष्ठानकम् the region of the breast where the girdle is fastened.

-अनुबन्धित्वम् connection or association with virtues; गुणा गुणानुबन्धित्वात्तस्य सप्रसवा इव R.1.22.

-अनुरागः love or appreciation of the good qualities of others; गुणा- नुरागादिव सख्यमीयिवान्न बाधते$स्य त्रिगणः परस्परम् Ki.1.11.

-अनुरोधः conformity or suitableness to good qualities.

-अन्तरम् a different (higher) quality; गुणान्तरं व्रजति शिल्पमाधातुः M.1.6.

-अन्वित, -उपपन्न, -युक्त, -संपन्न a. endowed with good qualities, meritorious, worthy, good, excellent.

-अपवादः, -निन्दा disparagement, detraction.

-अभिधानम् A subsidiary injunction; द्रव्योपदेशाद्वा गुणा- भिधानं स्यात् M.8.4.5.

-आकरः 1 'a mine of merits', one endowed with all virtues; सृजति तावदशेषगुणाकरं पुरुषरत्न- मलङ्करणं मुवः Bh.2.92.

-2 N. of Śiva.

-आढ्य a. rich in virtues.

-आत्मन् a. having qualities.

-आधारः 'a receptacle of virtues', a virtuous or meritorious person.

-आश्रय a. virtuous, excellent.

-ईश्वरः 1 the Supreme Being.

-2 the Chitrakūṭa mountain.

-उत्कर्षः excellence of merit, possession of superior qualities.

-उत्कीर्तनम् panegyric, eulogium.

-उत्कृष्ट a. superior in merit; Ms.8.73.

-उपेत a. endowed with good qualities; पुत्रमेवङ्गुणोपेतं चक्रवर्तिनमाप्नुहि Ś.1.12.

-ओघः, -घम् su- perior or abundant merits.

-कथनम् extolling, praising.

-2 a condition or state of mind of the hero of a drama to which he is reduced by Cupid.

-कर्तृत्वम् the state of an agent of properties; गुणकर्तृत्वे$पि तथा कर्तेव भवत्युदासीनः Sāṅ. K.2.

-कर्मन् n.

1 an unessential or secondary action.

-2 (in gram.) the secondary or less immediate (i. e. indirect) object of an action; e. g. in the example नेता$श्वस्य स्रुघ्नं स्रुघ्नस्य वा, स्रुघ्नम् is a गुणकर्मन्.

˚विभाग a. distinguishing an action and an attribute.

-कल्पना f. imputing a figurative meaning, one of the modes of interpreting a sentence. According to it an expression may be understood as conveying not what is actually expressed by it but the quality or qualities thereof. e. g. सिंहो देवदत्तः means प्रसह्यकरी देवदत्तः; ŚB. on MS.1.2.1.

-काण्डः a series of subsidiary (details); एवमेक उत्कृष्यमाणः सर्वं गुणकाण्डमुत्कर्षति ŚB. on MS.5. 1.24.

-कार a. productive of good qualities, profit- able, salutary.

(-रः) 1 a cook who prepares side- dishes or any secondary articles of food.

-2 an epithet of Bhīma.

-3 (in math.) the multiplier.

-कीर्तनम्, -श्लाघा, -स्तुतिः f. praise, extolling.

-कृत्यम् the function of a bow-string; गुणकृत्ये धनुषो नियोजिता Ku.4.15.

-गणः a number or series of good qualities; Bhāg.5.3.11.

-गानम् singing of merits, panegyric, praise.

-गृध्नु a.

1 desiring good qualities; ये चान्ये गुणगृध्नवः Bhāg.3.14.2.

-2 possessing enviable or good qualities.

-गृह्य a. appreciating or admiring merits (wherever they may be), attached to merits; appreciative; ननु वक्तृविशेषनिःस्पृहा गुणगृह्या वचने विपश्चितः Ki.2.5.

-गौरी a woman chaste by virtuous conduct; अनृतगिरं गुणगौरि मा कृथा माम् Śi.

-ग्रहणम् appreciating merits.

-ग्रहीतृ, -ग्राहक, -ग्राहिन् a. appreciating the merits (of others); श्रीहर्षो निपुणः कविः परिषदप्येषा गुणग्राहिणी Ratn.1.4; Śi.2.82; Bv.1.9.

-ग्रामः a collection of virtues or merits; गुरुतरगुणग्रामांभोजस्फुटोज्ज्वलचन्द्रिका Bh.3.116; गणयति गुणग्रामम् Gīt.2; Bv.1.13.

-घातिन् a. detractor, envious, censorious.

-ज्ञ a. knowing how to admire or appreciate merits, appreciative; भगवति कमलालये भृशमगुणज्ञासि Mu.2; गुणा गुणज्ञेषु गुणा भवन्ति H. Pr.47.

-त्रयम्, -त्रितयम् the three constituent proper- ties of nature; i. e. सत्त्व, रजस् and तमस्. ˚आभासः life.

-दोषौ (du.) virtue and vice; ˚कथा; Pt.2.67.

-धर्मः the virtue or duty incidental to the possession of certain qualities.

-निधिः a store of virtues.

-पदी a woman having feet as thin as cords.

-पूगम् great merits; भवद्गुणपूगपूरितम् (श्रवणम्) Śi.9.64.

-प्रकर्षः excellence of merits, great merit; गुणप्रकर्षादुडुपेन शम्भोरलङ्- घ्यमुल्लङ्घितमुत्तमाङ्गम् Mk.4.23.

-भावः being subsidiary to something else; परार्थता हि गुणभावः । ŚB. on MS.4.3.1.

-भोक्तृ a. perceiving the properties of things; निर्गुणं गुणभोक्तृ च Bg.13.14.

-महत् a superior quality.

-मुष्टिः f. a particular method of stringing the bow; cf. पताका वज्रमुष्टिश्च सिंहकर्णस्तथैव च । मत्सरी काकतुण्डी च योजनीया यथा- क्रमम् ॥ Dhanur.84.

-रागः delighting in the merits of others; गुणरागगतां तस्य रूपिणीमिव दुर्गतिम् Ks.2.51.

-राशिः an epithet of Śiva

-लक्षणम् mark or indication of an internal property.

-लयनिका, -लयनी a tent.

-लुब्ध a.

1 desirous of merits.

-2 attached to merits.

-वचनम्, -वाचकः a word which connotes an attribute or quality, an adjective, or substantive used attributively; as श्वेत in श्वेतो$श्वः.

-वादः 1 pointing out good merits.

-2 a statement in a secondary sense; गुणवादस्तु MS. 1.2.1 (Śabara explains this as: गौण एष वादो भवति यत् सम्बन्धिनि स्तोतव्ये सम्बन्ध्यन्तरं स्तूयते । ŚB. on ibid.).

-3 a statement contradictory to other arguments; Madhu- sūdana.

-विवेचना discrimination in appreciating the merits of others, a just sense of merit.

-विशेषाः external organs, mind and spiritual ignorance; परस्पर- विलक्षणा गुणविशेषाः (बाह्येन्द्रियमनो$हङ्काराश्च) Sāṅ. K.36.

-षः a different property.

-वृक्षः, -वृक्षकः a mast or a post to which a ship or boat is fastened.

-वृत्तिः f.

1 a secondary or unessential condition or relation (opp. मुख्यवृत्ति).

-2 the character or style of merits.

-वैशेष्यम् pre-eminence of merit; अन्योन्यगुणवैशेष्यान्न किंचिदतिरिच्यते Ms.9.296.

-शब्दः an adjective.

-संख्यानम् 'enumeration of the three essential qualities', a term applied to the Sāṅkhya (including the Yoga) system of philosophy; ज्ञानं कर्म च कर्ता च त्रिधैव गुणभेदतः प्रोच्यते गुणसंख्याने Bg.18.19.

-संगः 1 association with qualities or merits.

-2 attach- ment to objects of sense or worldly pleasures.

-संग्रहः a collection of merits or properties; कथं गुणज्ञो विरमेद्विना पशुं श्रीर्यत्प्रवव्रे गुणसंग्रहेच्छया Bhāg.4.2.26.

-संपद् f. ex- cellence or richness of merits, great merit, perfection; गुणसंपदा समधिगम्य Ki.5.24.

-सागरः 1 'an ocean of merit, a very meritorious man.

-2 an epithet of Brahmā.

-हीन a.

1 void of merit', meritless; काममामरणात्तिष्ठेद्- गृहे कन्यर्तुमत्यपि । न चैवैनां प्रयच्छेत्तु गुणहीनाय कर्हिचित् Ms.9. 89.

-2 poor (as food).

1 poem (literature).

eso es otro cantar that's another story

2 song, lay.

Su cantar era muy original His song was very original.

1 to sing.

Elsa canta canciones de cuna Elsa sings lullabies.

Elsa canta en la ducha Elsa sings in the shower.

2 to sing (persona, ave).

3 to call (out).

4 to talk (informal) (confesar).

5 to stink (informal) (apestar). (peninsular Spanish)

le cantan los pies he has smelly feet

6 to stick out like a sore thumb (informal). (peninsular Spanish)

7 to sing to.

María le canta al bebé Mary sings to the baby.

* * *

► verbo transitivo

1 to sing

■ cantó una canción preciosa she sang a beautiful song

2 figurado (alabar) to praise, sing the praises of

■ cantaron las excelencias de sus vinos they sang the praises of their wines

3 figurado (misa) to sing, say

4 (en juegos de naipes) to call

5 familiar (confesar) to tell, reveal, confess; (delatar) to give away

■ el hombre cantó todo lo que sabía sobre el asesinato a la policía the man told the police everything he knew about the murder

► verbo intransitivo

1 to sing

■ cantaron a dos voces they sang a duet

2 (pájaros) to sing, chirp; (insectos) to chirp

3 familiar (confesar) to spill the beans, talk, confess

4 familiar (oler mal) to stink

■ le cantan los pies his feet stink

► nombre masculino

1 song

\

cantar como una almeja familiar to stick out like a sore thumb

cantarlas claras familiar to tell somebody straight

cantarle a alguien las cuarenta familiar to give somebody a piece of one's mind

cantarle a alguien las verdades figurado to give somebody a piece of one's mind

en menos que canta un gallo familiar in a flash, before you could say Jack Robinson

¡eso es otro cantar! familiar that's a totally different thing, that's a different kettle of fish

ser coser y cantar familiar to be as easy as pie, be child's play

■ aquel examen fue coser y cantar that exam was as easy as pie

cantar de gesta chanson de geste

Cantar de los Cantares Song of Songs, Song of Solomon

* * *

* * *

1. VI

1) (Mús) to sing

2) [pájaro] to sing; [gallo] to crow; [cigarra, grillo] to chirp

3) liter (=alabar) to sing of, sing the praises of

4) ** (=revelar) to spill the beans *; [a la policía] to squeal *

- cantar de plano

- los hechos cantan por sí solos

5) ** (=oler mal) to stink *, reek

2. VT

1) [+ canción] to sing; [+ mantra, canto gregoriano] to chant; [+ misa] to sing, say; [+ número de lotería] to call out

- cantarlas claras

- cantar a algn las cuarenta

2) liter [+ mérito, belleza] to praise, eulogize

3) (=revelar) to confess

3. SM

1) (=canción) song; (Rel) chant

2) (Literat)

- eso es otro cantar

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) < canción> to sing

b) ( en béisbol) to call

2) (liter) ( ensalzar) to sing the praises of, extol the virtues of

3) (RPl fam) ( pedirse)

1)

a) (Mús) to sing

b) pájaro to sing; gallo to crow; cigarra/grillo to chirp, chirrup

2)

a) (fam) ( confesar) to talk (colloq)

b) (Jueg) to declare

c) (anunciar, pregonar)

3) (Esp fam) ( apestar) to stink (colloq)

masculino poem ( gen set to music)

- cantar de gesta

* * *

= chant, sing.

Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado sang, participio sung.

Ex. Finally, add the mass confusion wrought by the sudden appearance of a new technology in the library, with its practitioners chanting acronymic prayers, seemingly derived from a mushroom ritual.

Ex. It is hoped that by the year 2000 there will not be a chorus of unemployed librarians singing 'Where have all the libraries gone?'.

----

* cantar a grito pelado = belt out.

* cantar a pleno pulmón = belt out.

* cantar las alabanzas = sing + Posesivo + praises.

* cantarlas claras = call + a spade a spade.

* cantar victoria = claim + victory, speak too soon.

* cantar victoria antes de tiempo = speak too soon.

* coser y cantar = plain sailing, walkover.

* no cantes victoria antes de tiempo = don't count your chickens before they are hatched.

* ser otro cantar = be a different kettle of fish.

* tan fácil como coser y cantar = as simple as ABC.

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) < canción> to sing

b) ( en béisbol) to call

2) (liter) ( ensalzar) to sing the praises of, extol the virtues of

3) (RPl fam) ( pedirse)

1)

a) (Mús) to sing

b) pájaro to sing; gallo to crow; cigarra/grillo to chirp, chirrup

2)

a) (fam) ( confesar) to talk (colloq)

b) (Jueg) to declare

c) (anunciar, pregonar)

3) (Esp fam) ( apestar) to stink (colloq)

masculino poem ( gen set to music)

- cantar de gesta

* * *

= chant, sing.

Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado sang, participio sung.

* * *

cantar¹ [A1 ]

1 ‹canción› to sing

(anunciar, pregonar): los niños cantaban las tablas de multiplicar the children were reciting o chanting their times tables

cántame las cifras read o shout the figures out to me ( colloq)

3 (en béisbol) to call

B ( liter) (ensalzar) to sing the praises of, extol the virtues of

el tan cantado mar the oft-praised sea ( liter)

C ( fam) (delatar, descubrir) to give away

D ( RPl fam) (avisar) to tell

¿te dejó plantada? — te lo canté he stood you up? — what did I tell you? o I warned you

el Cantar de los Cantares the Song of Songs o of Solomon

el Cantar del Mío Cid the ballad of El Cid

cantárselas claras a algn ( fam): se las canté claras I gave it to her o told her straight ( colloq)

( RPl fam) (pedirse): canto la cama de arriba bags I o bags the top bunk ( colloq)

1 ( Mús) to sing

habla cantando she has a singsong voice o a lilt in her voice

coser

2 «pájaro» to sing; «gallo» to crow; «cigarra/grillo» to chirp, chirrup gallo² (↑ gallo (2))

3 «agua/fuente» to babble

1 ( fam) (confesar) to talk ( colloq)

2 ( Jueg) to declare

(anunciar, pregonar): canta, que yo anoto read it out, I'll write it down

las cifras cantan por sí solas the figures speak for themselves

C ( Esp fam) (apestar) to stink ( colloq)

poem ( gen set to music)

¡eso es otro cantar! that's another o a different matter, that's a different kettle of fish

chanson de geste

* * *

a) (Mús) to sing

b) [ pájaro] to sing;

* * *

cantar¹ nm

poem;

eso es otro cantar that's another story

cantar de gesta chanson de geste, = medieval heroic narrative poem (e.g. “El Cid”)

♦ vt

1. [canción] to sing

2. [bingo, línea, el gordo] to call (out);

cántame los números y yo los escribo you call out the numbers and I'll write them down;

te canté que tu madre no te dejaría ir I TOLD you your mother wouldn't let you go;

cantar las cuarenta a alguien to give sb a piece of one's mind;

cantar la justa a alguien to give it to sb straight up;

cantar victoria to claim victory

3. Fam [confesar] to confess

4. [alabar] to praise;

no se cansa de cantar la belleza del lugar he never tires of singing the praises of the beauty of the place

♦ vi

1. [persona] to sing

2. [ave] to sing;

3. Fam [confesar] to confess, to talk;

cantar de plano to make a full confession

4. Esp Fam [apestar] to stink;

le cantan los pies he has smelly feet

5. Esp Fam [llamar la atención] to stick out like a sore thumb;

ese traje rojo canta mucho that red suit really draws attention to you;

canta un montón que estás nervioso it's really obvious that you're nervous;

Carlos y yo cantábamos en una fiesta tan elegante Carlos and I really stood out at that posh party

6. Esp Fam [portero]

7. [alabar]

8. Am Fam [escoger]

* * *

I v/i

1 sing

2 pop

de delincuente squeal pop

II v/t sing

III m

ése es otro cantar fig fam that’s a different story

* * *

cantar v

: to sing

cantar nm

: song, ballad

* * *

cantar vb

1. (en general) to sing [pt. sang; pp. sung]

2. (insecto, pájaro pequeño) to chirp

3. (llamar la atención) to stand out [pt. & pp. stood]

4. (oler mal) to stink [pt. stank; pp. stunk]

v/t (unreg., trennb., hat -ge-) recommend; push umg.; talk s.th. up umg.; (eigene Ware) plug, boost; (loben) praise, extol; marktschreierisch anpreisen praise s.th. to the skies

* * *

to commend; to laud

* * *

vt sep

* * *

▪ etw \anpreisen to extol sth

dieser Wagen wird in der Werbung als preisgünstig angepriesen the advert claims this car to be good value for money

▪ sich akk [als etw] \anpreisen to extol [or sell] oneself [as [being] sth]

* * *

unregelmäßiges transitives Verb extol

* * *

anpreisen v/t (irr, trennb, hat -ge-) recommend; push umg; talk sth up umg; (eigene Ware) plug, boost; (loben) praise, extol;

marktschreierisch anpreisen praise sth to the skies

* * *

unregelmäßiges transitives Verb extol

* * *

to praise v.

célébrer [selebʀe]

➭ TABLE 6 transitive verb

* * *

1) ( fêter) to celebrate [événement]

2) ( accomplir) to celebrate [messe, mariage, culte]; to perform [rite]

3) ( vanter) to praise [personne]; to remember [mort, disparu]; to extol [qualité]

* * *

1) (= commémorer, fêter) to celebrate

2) (= louer) to extol

* * *

célébrer verb table: céder vtr

1 ( fêter) to celebrate [événement];

2 ( accomplir) to celebrate [messe, mariage, culte]; to perform [rite];

3 ( vanter) to praise [personne]; to remember [mort, disparu]; to extol [qualité].

[selebre] verbe transitif

1. [fête] to observe

[anniversaire, messe, mariage] to celebrate

2. [glorifier - personne] to extol the virtues of ; [ - exploit] to toast, to celebrate

1 to recommend, to advise.

2 to suggest, to advise, to recommend, to propose.

Preconizamos la igualdad We suggest equality.

3 to preconize, to praise, to commend.

Preconizamos sus acciones We preconize=commend their actions.

* * *

► verbo transitivo

1 to advocate

* * *

1) (=elogiar) to praise

2) (=recomendar) to recommend, advise

3) (=apoyar) to advocate

* * *

verbo transitivo (frml) ( abogar por) to advocate; ( elogiar) to praise, extol (frml)

* * *

verbo transitivo (frml) ( abogar por) to advocate; ( elogiar) to praise, extol (frml)

* * *

preconizar [A4 ]

( frml)

1 (abogar por) to advocate

preconizar la necesidad de una reforma to advocate o recommend (the need for) reform

preconizan el control de la natalidad they advocate birth control

2 (elogiar) to praise, extol ( frml)

preconizaron las virtudes de la medicina alternativa they praised o extolled the virtues of alternative medicine

* * *

preconizar vt

to recommend, to advocate

* * *

v/t advocate

* * *

preconizar {21} vt

1) : to recommend, to advocate

2) : to extol

ἀρετή, ῆς, ἡ (Hom.+, a term denoting consummate ‘excellence’ or ‘merit’ within a social context, hence freq. w. δικαιοσύνη; cp. the tripartite appraisal Pla., Protag. 329c: δικαιοσύνη, σωφροσύνη, ὁσιότης). Exhibition of ἀρετή invites recognition, resulting in renown or glory. In Homer primarily of military valor or exploits, but also of distinction for other personal qualities and associated performance that enhance the common interest. The term is a favorite subject in Stoic thought relating to morality. Theognis 147f summarizes Gk. thinking: ἐν δὲ δικαιοσύνῃ συλλήβδην πᾶσʼ ἀρετή ʼστι,| πᾶς δέ τʼ ἀνὴρ ἀγαθός, Κύρνε, δίκαιος ἔων=in a word, Cyrnus, all excellence lies in uprightness, and a good person is one who is upright.

① uncommon character worthy of praise, excellence of character, exceptional civic virtue (Theognis 147; Aristot., EN a detailed discussion of ἀ.; s. indexes in OGI, SIG, IPriene, et al.; Herm. Wr. 9, 4; 10, 9; Wsd; 2, 3, 4 Macc; EpArist; Philo; Jos., Ant. 1, 113 al.; διὰ τὴν ἀ. Orig. C. Cels. 5, 2, 26 [as distinguished merit]; τέσσαράς φησιν εἶναι ἀρετάς Hippol., Ref. 1, 19, 16 [in a list of virtues]; Did., Gen. 102, 15; 17 [accompanied by ‘trouble’]) Phil 4:8 (w. ἔπαινος, in ref. to recognition of distinguished merit that was customary in Gr-Rom. society; cp. AcJ 5 [Aa II/1, 153, 29]). W. πίστις (as OGI 438, 6ff ἄνδρα διενένκαντα πίστει καὶ ἀρετῇ καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ εὐσεβείαι=a gentleman distinguished for fidelity, admirable character, uprightness [concern for people], and devotion [to deities]; cp. Dssm. LO 270 [LAE 322]; Danker, Benefactor 460–61) ἐπιχορηγήσατε ἐν τῇ πίστει ὑμῶν τὴν ἀρετήν bring the finest character to your commitment 2 Pt 1:5a; ἐν δὲ τῇ ἀρετῇ τὴν γνῶσιν and to the finest character knowledge 5b. ἐνδύσασθαι πᾶσαν ἀ. δικαιοσύνης put on every virtue of uprightness (=‘aspire to the highest standards of uprightness’; opp. πονηρία, which is low-grade behavior; on the rhetorical form s. HFischel, HUCA 44, ’73, 119–51) Hm 1:2; Hs 6, 1, 4. ἐργάζεσθαι πᾶσαν ἀ. καὶ δικαιοσύνην Hs 8, 10, 39 (=be a model member of the human community); cp. m 12, 3, 1; διώκειν τὴν ἀ. 2 Cl 10:1. ἀ. ἔνδοξος Hm 6, 2, 3.

② manifestation of divine power, miracle (a usage in keeping w. the primary mng.; Oenom. in Eus., PE 5, 22, 4; SIG 1151, 2; 1172, 10 πλείονας ἀρετὰς τ. θεοῦ, see on this Dittenberger’s note 8 w. further exx. and lit.; 1173, 5; MAI 21, 1896, 77; POxy 1382 [II A.D.]; Sb 8026, 1; 8266, 17 [261/260 B.C.] of the miracles of the deity Amenothis; PGM 5, 419; Philo, Somn. 1, 256; Jos., Ant. 17, 130; s. Dssm., B 90–93 [BS 95f]; Nägeli 69; OWeinreich, Neue Urkunden zur Sarapisrel. 1919, index; SReiter, Ἐπιτύμβιον, Swoboda Festschr. 1927, 228–37), also that which causes such things: the power of God (IG IV², 128, 79 [280 B.C.]; PGM 4, 3205; Herm. Wr. 10, 17; Jos., Ant. 17, 130 ἀ. τοῦ θείου; cp. 1, 100) 2 Pt 1:3 (Dssm., B 277ff [BS 360ff]).—In accordance w. a usage that treats ἀ. and δόξα as correlatives (ἀ.=excellence that results in approbation and therefore δόξα=renown), which finds expression outside the OT (Is 42:8, 12) in the juxtaposition of the two terms (Herodian; Pausanias, Arcadia 52, 6 ins on a statue in honor of Philopoemen at Tegea; Dionys. Hal.; Diod. Sic. 2, 45, 2 of a woman, self-styled ‘Daughter of Ares’, reputed for her valor; s. Wetstein on 2 Pt 1:3), the LXX transl. הוֹד majesty, high rank (Hab 3:3; Zech 6:13; cp. Il. 9, 498 ἀ. w. τιμή and βίη; 23, 578 w. βίη) and also תְּהִלָּה praise sg. (Is; cp. Od. 14, 402 ἀ. w. ἐϋκλείη ‘good repute’) with ἀ. pl. The latter sense ‘praise’ (pl.=laudes) has been maintained for 1 Pt 2:9, which is probably influenced by Is 42:12; 43:21. It is poss. that Semitically oriented auditors of 1 Pt interpreted the expression along such lines, but Gr-Rom. publics would in the main be conditioned to hear a stress on performance, which of course would elicit praise (cp. Plut., Mor. 535d).—AKiefer, Aretalogische Studien, diss. Freib. 1929; VLongo, Aretalogie nel mondo Greco: I, Epigrafi e Papiri ’69; MSmith, JBL 90, ’71, 174–99; JKube, ΤΕΧΝΗ und ΑΡΕΤΗ ’69; Danker, Benefactor ’82, passim.—DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.

v/t glorify (auch Gewalt etc.), exalt

* * *

to laud; to glorify; to exalt; to glamorize; to commend

* * *

* * *

1) (to make glamorous: This film attempts to glamorize war.) glamorize

2) (to make glamorous: This film attempts to glamorize war.) glamorise

3) (to make (something) seem better than it is: That book glorified war.) glorify

* * *

▪ etw \verherrlichen to glorify sth

die Gewalt \verherrlichen to glorify violence

* * *

transitives Verb glorify <war, violence, deed, etc.>; extol <virtues, leader, etc.>; celebrate <nature, freedom, peace, etc.>

* * *

verherrlichen v/t glorify (auch Gewalt etc), exalt

* * *

transitives Verb glorify <war, violence, deed, etc.>; extol <virtues, leader, etc.>; celebrate <nature, freedom, peace, etc.>

* * *

to exalt v.

to glamorise (UK) v.

to glamorize (US) v.

to glorify v.

- wychwalać czyjeś zalety to extol sb’s virtues, to sing sb’s praises

- wychwalać kogoś pod niebiosa to praise sb to the skies

X поднимает на щит Y-a X turns person Y into a hero

• ПОДНИМАТЬ < ПОДЫМАТЬ> /ПОДНЯТЬ НА щит кого-что lit

[VP; subj: human]

=====

⇒ to praise, extol s.o. or sth. excessively:

- X поднимает на щит Y-a ≈ X turns person Y into a hero;

- X makes a hero out of person Y;

- X hero-worships person Y;

- X praises Y to the skies;

- X extols the virtues ofY;

- X puts person Y on a pedestal.

     ♦ Работая над своей книгой, он ничего не заимствовал у "родоначальника" советской космонавтики Циолковского, ибо никакого Циолковского не знал (и никто не знал, пока в начале тридцатых годов Циолковский не был поднят на шит советской пропагандой) (Владимиров 1). In writing his book he borrowed nothing from the "founder" of Soviet astronautics, Tsiolkovsky, because he knew nothing about Tsiolkovsky. (Nor did anybody else, until, at the beginning of the thirties, Tsiolkovsky was turned into a hero by Soviet propaganda) (1a).

• ПОДНИМАТЬ < ПОДЫМАТЬ> /ПОДНЯТЬ НА щит кого-что lit

[VP; subj: human]

=====

⇒ to praise, extol s.o. or sth. excessively:

- X поднимает на щит Y-a ≈ X turns person Y into a hero;

- X makes a hero out of person Y;

- X hero-worships person Y;

- X praises Y to the skies;

- X extols the virtues ofY;

- X puts person Y on a pedestal.

     ♦ Работая над своей книгой, он ничего не заимствовал у "родоначальника" советской космонавтики Циолковского, ибо никакого Циолковского не знал (и никто не знал, пока в начале тридцатых годов Циолковский не был поднят на шит советской пропагандой) (Владимиров 1). In writing his book he borrowed nothing from the "founder" of Soviet astronautics, Tsiolkovsky, because he knew nothing about Tsiolkovsky. (Nor did anybody else, until, at the beginning of the thirties, Tsiolkovsky was turned into a hero by Soviet propaganda) (1a).

• ПОДНИМАТЬ < ПОДЫМАТЬ> /ПОДНЯТЬ НА щит кого-что lit

[VP; subj: human]

=====

⇒ to praise, extol s.o. or sth. excessively:

- X поднимает на щит Y-a ≈ X turns person Y into a hero;

- X makes a hero out of person Y;

- X hero-worships person Y;

- X praises Y to the skies;

- X extols the virtues ofY;

- X puts person Y on a pedestal.

     ♦ Работая над своей книгой, он ничего не заимствовал у "родоначальника" советской космонавтики Циолковского, ибо никакого Циолковского не знал (и никто не знал, пока в начале тридцатых годов Циолковский не был поднят на шит советской пропагандой) (Владимиров 1). In writing his book he borrowed nothing from the "founder" of Soviet astronautics, Tsiolkovsky, because he knew nothing about Tsiolkovsky. (Nor did anybody else, until, at the beginning of the thirties, Tsiolkovsky was turned into a hero by Soviet propaganda) (1a).

VT esp LAm [+ persona] to praise, extol the virtues of; [+ reputación etc] to enhance, add lustre to

f exaltation

( eccitazione) elation

* * *

esaltazione s.f.

1 (letter.) ( innalzamento a un'alta dignità) raising, exaltation

2 ( lode) exalting; glorification, praise: esaltazione delle virtù di qlcu., glorification of s.o.'s virtues

3 ( eccitazione) excitement, fervour; enthusiasm: trovarsi in uno stato di grande esaltazione, to be in a state of fervour; l'esaltazione dei giovani per i loro idoli, the fervour of the young for their idols

4 (scient.) exalting.

* * *

sostantivo femminile

1) (eccitazione) exaltation, elation, excitement

2) (valorizzazione) enhancement

3) (lode) exhalting, extolling

* * *

esaltazione

/ezaltat'tsjone/

sostantivo f.

 1 (eccitazione) exaltation, elation, excitement

 2 (valorizzazione) enhancement

 3 (lode) exhalting, extolling.

inneggiare v. intr.

1 (non com.) (cantare inni) to sing* hymns, to sing* a hymn of praise

2 (fig.) (levare lodi) to sing* the praises (of s.o., sthg.), to extol (s.o., sthg.), to exalt (s.o., sthg.): nei suoi discorsi si inneggia sempre alla pace, his speeches always extol the virtues of peace

3 (fig.) (rivolgere un'ovazione) to cheer, to cheer on (s.o.); to greet (s.o.) with an ovation: tutto lo stadio inneggiava alla squadra di casa, the whole stadium cheered on the home team; tutti inneggiarono a lui quando entrò, he was greeted with an ovation when he entered

4 (fig. spreg.) (levare lodi insincere) to adulate, to flatter.

* * *

verbo intransitivo (aus. avere)

1) to sing* hymns

2) (celebrare)

* * *

inneggiare

/inned'dʒare/ [1]

verbo intransitivo

(aus. avere)

 1 to sing* hymns

 2 (celebrare) inneggiare a qcs. to hymn sth.

seven

* * *

sette agg.num.card. e s.m. seven: i sette peccati capitali, the seven deadly sins; le sette virtù, the seven virtues; ho preso sette in latino, I got seven out of ten in Latin // i Sette Dormienti, the Seven Sleepers // (st.) la guerra dei sette anni, the Seven Years' War // farsi un sette nei calzoni, (fam.) to get a tear in one's trousers // levare qlcu. ai sette cieli, (fig.) to praise s.o. to the skies.

* * *

aggettivo invariabile seven

sostantivo maschile invariabile

1) (numero) seven

2) (giorno del mese) seventh

3) scol. (voto) = above average pass mark

4) colloq. (strappo) seven

sostantivo femminile plurale (ore) (del mattino) seven am; (della sera) seven pm

••

* * *

sette

/'sεtte/ ⇒ 26, 5, 8, 13

I aggettivo invariabile

 seven

II m.inv.

 1 (numero) seven

 2 (giorno del mese) seventh

 3 scol. (voto) = above average pass mark

 4 colloq. (strappo) seven

III f.pl.

  (ore) (del mattino) seven am; (della sera) seven pm

IDIOMS

avere sette vite come i gatti to have nine lives.

1  laudatory ⇒ approving, 〈 alleen ná zelfstandig naamwoord〉 full of praise

♦voorbeelden:

1   een lovende recensie • a favourable review

     lovend over iemand spreken • speak well of someone, extol someone's virtues

καρπός, οῦ, ὁ (Hom.+) ‘fruit’ (the sing. used collectively: Diod S 3, 24, 1).

① product or outcome of someth., fruit

ⓐ in a physical sense

α. of plants: trees Mt 12:33; 21:19; Mk 11:14; Lk 6:44; 13:6f; IEph 14:2; Hs 1, 2, 1; 9, 1, 10; 9, 28, 1 and 3 (Did., Gen. 86, 3). Of the fruit of the vine (Jos., Ant. 2, 67; Ath 22:6) Mt 21:34; Mk 12:2; Lk 20:10; 1 Cor 9:7; 1 Cl 23:4; of a berry-bush B 7:8. Of field crops (Diod S 4, 4, 2; Ps.-Phoc. 38; SibOr 4, 16; Hippol., Ref. 7, 29, 5) 2 Ti 2:6; 1 Cl 24:4; qualified by τῆς γῆς Js 5:7a; cp. vs. 7b v.l.; 1 Cl 14:1 (Gen 4:3); GJs 3:3. συνάγειν τοὺς κ. (Lev 25:3) Lk 12:17; cp. J 4:36; ὅταν παραδοῖ ὁ κ. when the (condition of the) crop permits Mk 4:29 (‘fruit’=grain as Ps.-Scylax, Peripl. §93 p. 36 Fabr. [πυροὺς κ. κριθάς]). βλαστάνειν τὸν κ. produce crops Js 5:18 (βλαστάνω 1). ποιεῖν κ. (=עָשָׂה פְרִי) bear or yield fruit (Gen 1:11f; 4 Km 19:30; Ezk 17:23; ParJer 9:16, 19.—Diosc., Mat. Med. 2, 195) Mt 3:10 (s. δένδρον); 7:17ff; 13:26; Lk 3:9; 6:43; 8:8; 13:9; Rv 22:2a. Also διδόναι (=נָתַן פְּרִי; Lev 26:20; Dt 11:17; Ps 1:3; Zech 8:12) Mt 13:8; Mk 4:7f; B 11:6 (Ps 1:3); Hs 2:4; 5, 2, 4. φέρειν (Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1396–99b; Jo 2:22; Hos 9:16; Jos., Ant. 3, 11; SibOr 2, 320; Did., Gen. 31, 3) Mt 7:18a v.l.; J 12:24 (of the resurrection: ἐκφέρει 1 Cl 24:5); 15:2, 4; Hs 2:3, 8a. ἡ γῆ προφέρει τοὺς κ. αὐτῆς GJs 8:3. ἀποδιδόναι bear fruit (Lev 26:4) Rv 22:2b; Hs 2:8b; cp. Hb 12:11, but pay a person a portion of the fruit Mt 21:41. γεννᾶν κ. θανατηφόρον bear deadly fruit ITr 11:1 (in imagery, s. b below). κ. ἔχειν of trees Hs 9, 28, 3; of staffs 8, 1, 18; 8, 2, 1; 8, 3, 7; 8, 4, 6; 8, 5, 6; of Aaron’s staff (Num 17:23ff) 1 Cl 43:5.

β. of a human being: Hebraistically of offspring ὁ κ. τῆς κοιλίας the fruit of the womb (Gen 30:2; Ps 131:11; Mi 6:7; La 2:20; TestAbr A 6 p. 83, 14 [Stone p. 14]; Mel., P. 52, 384 [since the central mng. of κοιλία is someth. ‘hollow’, in the Ps and Mi pass. κοιλία is used in the general sense of ‘body’ as the cavity from which someth. emanates]) Lk 1:42. τοῦ μὴ δοῦναί σοι καρπόν= to grant you no children GJs 2:3; cp. 6:3 (s. b below). Fr. the standpoint of a father: ὁ κ. τῆς ὀσφύος the fruit of his loins Ac 2:30; AcPl Ha 8, 14 (ἰσχύος Ox 1602, 12f/BMM recto 17).

ⓑ fig., in the spiritual (opp. physical) realm; sometimes the orig. figure is quite prominent; somet. it is more or less weakened: result, outcome, product (cp. Epict. 2, 1, 21 τῶν δογμάτων καρπός; IPriene 112, 14 [I B.C.] μόνη μεγίστους ἀποδίδωσιν καρπούς; Dio Chrys. 23 [40], 34 τῆς ἔχθρας καρπός) κ. τοῦ πνεύματος Gal 5:22 (a list of virtues following a list of vices as Cebes 19, 5; 20, 3; Ael. Aristid. 37, 27 K.=2 p. 27 D.). τοῦ φωτός Eph 5:9; κ. πολὺν φέρειν be very fruitful J 15:5, 8, 16. κ. δικαιοσύνης fruit of righteousness (cp. Epicurus, Fgm. 519 δικαιοσύνης καρπὸς μέγιστος ἀταραξία; Am 6:12; Pr 11:30; 13:2; EpArist 232) Phil 1:11; Js 3:18; Hs 9, 19, 2a; cp. ἔδωκέν μοι κύριος … καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ GJs 6:3 (of the birth of Mary; s. β above); κ. εἰρηνικὸς δικαιοσύνης peaceful fruit of righteousness Hb 12:11. κ. ἀληθείας Hs 9, 19, 2b. The outcome of acting is a deed: ἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν τινος ἐπιγινώσκειν τινά know someone by the person’s deeds, as one knows a tree by its fruits Mt 7:16, 20; Hs 4:5 (Proverbia Aesopi 51 P.: Δῆλος ἔλεγχος ὁ καρπὸς γενήσεται | παντὸς δένδρου ἣν ἔχει φύσιν=its fruit will be for every tree a clear proof of its nature). γεννᾶν καρπὸν θανατηφόρον bear deadly fruit ITr 11:1 (s. 1aα); moral performance as fruit vs. 2 (accord. to the imagery, Christians are branches of the cross as their trunk and their deeds are the produce). Fruit of martyrdom Hs 9, 28, 4. ποιεῖν τοὺς καρποὺς αὐτῆς (=τῆς βασιλείας τ. θεοῦ) prove fruitful for the kingdom ποιεῖν καρπὸν ἄξιον τῆς μετανοίας Mt 21:43. bear fruit consistent with repentance 3:8; the pl. in the parallel Lk 3:8 is farther removed fr. the orig. picture: καρποί = ἔργα (cp. Pr 10:16). καρποὶ ἀγαθοί Js 3:17. Cp. Dg 12:1. τίνα καρπὸν ἄξιον … (δώσομεν); what fruit (are we to bring to Christ that would be) worthy of what he has given us? 2 Cl 1:3. Of the outcome of life in sin as well as in righteousness Ro 6:21f (of the results of evil e.g., Oenomaus Fgm. 2m [in Eus., PE 5, 20, 10]); ταχὺς κ. (s. ταχ. 1a) 2 Cl 20:3. After an upright life καρπὸν προσδοκῶν Dg 12:6; cp. 12:8; resurrection as the reward after a miserable life ἔδονται τῆς ἑαυτῶν ὁδοῦ τοὺς κ. 2 Cl 19:3.—ἀφʼ οὗ καρποῦ ἡμεῖς (the suffering of Jesus,) the fruit from which we are, i.e. from which we derive our identity as Christians (the cross is here viewed as a tree on which Jesus hangs as the fruit: Ignatius probably thinks of Christians as germinated seeds) ISm 1:2.—Of the proceeds of a collection Ro 15:28.

ⓒ Hebraistically, a praise-offering as καρπὸς χειλέων (Hos 14:3; Pr 18:20; 31:31 v.l.; PsSol 15:3) Hb 13:15.

② advantage, gain, profit (Polyaenus 3, 9, 1 κ. τῆς ἀνδραγαθίας; EpArist 260 σοφίας κ.; Philo, Fug. 176 ἐπιστήμης; Jos., Ant. 20, 48 εὐσεβείας) κ. ἔργου gain from the labor Phil 1:22. οὐ δόμα, ἀλλὰ τὸν καρπόν not the gift, but the advantage (accruing to the Philippians fr. their generous giving) 4:17; κ. ἔχειν have fruit Ro 1:13.—B. 511. DELG 1 καρπός. EDNT. TW.

ἀλήθεια, ας, ἡ (cp. λανθάνω ‘escape notice’ s. DELG s.v. λανθάνω; Schwyzer I 469; Hom. +) prim. ‘hiding nothing’.

① the quality of being in accord with what is true, truthfulness, dependability, uprightness in thought and deed (Alcaeus 57 [366 L.-P.]; Mimnermus 8 al.) of God (Gen 24:27 al.) Ro 3:7; 15:8. Of people (Pittacus in Diog. L. 1, 78; Arrian, Anab. 7, 30, 3; Lucian, Dial. Mort. 11, 6; 4 Km 20:3; Judg 9:15f al.; EpArist 206) ἐν ἀ. λαλεῖν speak truthfully 2 Cor 7:14; (w. εἰλικρίνεια) 1 Cor 5:8; (w. ἀγαθωσύνη and δικαιοσύνη) Eph 5:9; 1 Cl 19:1; 31:2; 35:2; Pol 2:1; ἐν πάσῃ ἀ. w. perfect fidelity 4:2.—Hm 8:9; 12, 3, 1; Hs 9, 15, 2.

② the content of what is true, truth (opp. ψεῦδος)

ⓐ gener. ἀ. λαλεῖν tell the truth (Zech 8:16) Eph 4:25; Hm 3:5; 2 Cl 12:3. ἀ. λέγειν (Hdt. 2, 115 al.; PGiss 84, 14 [II A.D.] τὴν ἀ. εἰπεῖν) Ro 9:1; 1 Ti 2:7. Fut. ἀ. ἐρῶ 2 Cor 12:6. ἀ. ἀγαπᾶν Hm 3:1. Opp. ψεύδεσθαι κατὰ τῆς ἀ. lie against the truth Js 3:14; εἶπεν αὐτῷ πᾶσαν τὴν ἀ. she told him the whole truth Mk 5:33 (cp. Hdt. 9, 89; Thu. 6, 87, 1 al.; Cleopatra ln. 88; POxy 283, 13f [45 A.D.] γνωσθῆναι πᾶσαν τὴν ἀ.; Jos., Bell. 7, 31 πυθόμενος παρʼ αὐτοῦ πᾶσαν τὴν ἀ.). ἐν λόγῳ ἀληθείας by truthful speech 2 Cor 6:7; ῥήματα ἀληθείας Ac 26:25; μόρφωσις τῆς γνώσεως καὶ τῆς ἀ. embodiment of knowledge and truth Ro 2:20; ἡ ἁγνότης τῆς ἀ. the purity that belongs to truth Hv 3, 7, 3. ἔξωθεν τῆς ἀ.=ψευδής 3, 4, 3.

ⓑ esp. of the content of Christianity as the ultimate truth (cp. Plut., Mor. 351e ἀ. περὶ θεῶν; Philo, Spec. Leg. 4, 178, the proselyte is a μεταναστὰς εἰς ἀ.) Eph 4:21 (CScott, Exp. 8th ser. 3, 1912, 178–85; FBriggs, ET 39, 1928, 526). ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀ. the word of truth Eph 1:13; 2 Ti 2:15; Js 1:18. ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀ. τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τοῦ παρόντος εἰς ὑμᾶς Col 1:5; cp. 2 Pt 1:12. ἡ ἀ. τοῦ εὐαγγελίου Gal 2:5, 14. ἔστιν ἀ. Χριστοῦ ἐν ἐμοί 2 Cor 11:10. ὁ περὶ ἀ. λόγος Pol 3:2; πείθεσθαι τῇ ἀ. Gal 5:7; πιστεύειν τῇ ἀ. 2 Th 2:12; hence πίστει ἀληθείας belief in the truth vs. 13; δύνασθαί τι κατὰ τῆς ἀ. … ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀ. 2 Cor 13:8; περιπατεῖν ἐν ἀ. 2J 4; 3J 3f (cp. 4 Km 20:3); ζῆν κατὰ ἀ. IEph 6:2; πορεύεσθαι κατὰ τὴν ἀ. Pol 5:2; ἐν ἀ. (3 Km 2:4) Hm 3:4; gird oneself w. truth Eph 6:14; cp. Hm 11:4.—Truth expresses itself in virtues like righteousness and holiness, Eph 4:24 (Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 67, 1 Jac. δικαιοσύνην κ. ἀλ.). Hence it is contrasted w. ἀδικία 1 Cor 13:6; Ro 1:18; 2:8. In the last-named passage a negative attitude toward the truth is called ἀπειθεῖν τῇ ἀ. Also πλανᾶσθαι ἀπὸ τῆς ἀ. wander from the truth Js 5:19; ἀστοχεῖν περὶ τὴν ἀ. 2 Ti 2:18; καταστρέφειν ἀπὸ τῆς ἀ. Hs 6, 2, 1, cp. 4; ἀποστρέφειν τὴν ἀκοὴν ἀπὸ τῆς ἀ. 2 Ti 4:4 opp. μῦθοι, cp. ἀποστρέφεσθαι Tit 1:14; ἀποστερεῖσθαι τῆς ἀ. 1 Ti 6:5; ἐρευνᾶν περὶ τῆς ἀ. make inquiries about the truth Hm 10, 1, 4; 6; ἀνθίστασθαι τῇ ἀ. oppose the truth (i.e. the gospel) 2 Ti 3:8. Opp. μῦθοι 4:4. Truth can be communicated (cp. Did., Gen. 86, 21): φανερώσει τῆς ἀ. by a clear statement of the truth 2 Cor 4:2 (sim. in later Christian prayer POxy 925, 4f φανέρωσόν μοι τὴν παρὰ σοὶ ἀλ.); is taught D 11:10; recognized 1 Ti 4:3; Hv 3, 6, 2; cp. ἐπίγνωσις τῆς ἀληθείας (Alex. Aphr., Quaest. 3, 12, II 2 p. 102, 3 γνῶσις τ. ἀληθείας) 1 Ti 2:4; 2 Ti 2:25; 3:7; Tit 1:1; Hb 10:26; ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀ.1 Ti 3:15; ὁδὸς τῆς ἀ. 2 Pt 2:2; 1 Cl 35:5 (cp. Pind., P. 3, 103; Eur., Fgm. 289; Gen 24:48 al.; En 104:13; OdeSol 11:3); ὑπακοὴ τῆς ἀ. 1 Pt 1:22; ἀγάπη τῆς ἀ. 2 Th 2:10. God is πατὴρ τῆς ἀ. 2 Cl 3:1; 20:5; φῶς ἀληθείας IPhld 2:1 (cp. Ps 42:3); θεὸς τῆς ἀ. (1 Esdr 4:40) 2 Cl 19:1; cp. 1 Cl 60:2. The reverse genitival constr. in ἀ. τοῦ θεοῦ Ro 1:25, is best rendered truth about God (so Twentieth Century NT, NRSV) as opp. to the deception of polytheists, who in effect lie about God despite their better knowledge described vss. 19–21 (REB et al.: truth of God).—Ἀ. is a favorite word of the Joh. lit., and plays a major role in it. God’s word is truth J 17:17 (Ps 118:142). Truth w. χάρις 1:14, 17; w. πνεῦμα 4:23f; cp. ἐν ἔργῳ καὶ ἀ. 1J 3:18 (opp. λόγῳ, γλώσσῃ). W. ἀγάπη 2J 3. The Spirit leads into truth J 16:13; hence πνεῦμα τῆς ἀ. 14:17; 15:26; 16:13; 1J 4:6 (cp. Hm 3:4). πνεῦμα is identified w. ἀ. 1J 5:6; it is mediated through Christ J 1:17, who calls himself truth 14:6 (cp. PGM 5, 148 ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἀλήθεια, on the other hand POxy 1380, 63 [early II A.D.] Isis is called ἀ.; Apollonaretal. Berl. Gr. Pap. 11517 [II A.D.]: Her 55, 1920, 188–95 ln. 52 Apollo as the ἀψευδὴς ἀ.; M. Ant., 9, 1, 2 God=Nature ἀλήθεια ὀνομάζεται; Lucian, Hist. Conscr. 61 says of a good history-writer: ἦν ἀλήθεια ἐπὶ πᾶσι); hence as source of praise for a Christian Δημητρίῳ μεμαρτύρηται … ὑπʼ αὐτῆς τῆς ἀ. 3J 12. One who possesses Christ knows truth (γινώσκ. τὴν ἀ. as Jos., Ant. 13, 291; Tat. 13, 1; ἀληθείας γνῶσις: Maximus Tyr. 26, 5b; Did., Gen. 116, 17) J 8:32; (cp. 1QS 5:10); 2J 1; does the truth J 3:21, cp. 1J 1:6 (ποιεῖν τὴν ἀ. Gen 32:11; 47:29; Is 26:10 al.; TestReub 6:9; TestBenj 10:3; ἔλεος καὶ ἀ. PsSol 17:15); stands in the truth J 8:44; is of the truth 18:37; cp. 1J 2:21; 3:19 (ἐκ τῆς ἀληθείας=corresponding to the truth PTurin I, 6, 13). The truth sets one free J 8:32, but is not present in those who deny the fact of sin in their lives 1J 1:8 or do not heed Christ’s commands. Christ proclaims this truth: λέγειν (Jos., Ant. 10, 124) J 8:45f; 16:7; λαλεῖν 8:40 (also λαλεῖν ἐν ἀ. IEph 6:2); μαρτυρεῖν τῇ ἀ. 18:37. As John the Baptist witnesses to Jesus, he witnesses to the truth 5:33; cp. μαρτυρούντων σου τῇ ἀληθείᾳ bear witness to your ( fidelity to the) truth 3J 3; ἵνα συνεργοὶ γινώμεθα τῇ ἀ. vs. 8. In Pilate’s question τί ἐστιν ἀ.; J 18:38 the worldling speaks (cp. 4 Macc 5:10). Opp. θάνατος ISm 5:1.—Mlt-Turner 177f.

③ an actual event or state, reality (Diogenes 21 p. 114, 10 al. Malherbe; Mel., P. 4, 33; 42, 289 [opp. τύπος] Diod S 2, 8, 4) as opposed to mere appearance (opp. πρόφασις) Phil 1:18. κατὰ ἀλήθειαν rightly Ro 2:2 (cp. Diod S 4, 64, 2 οἱ κατʼ ἀλήθειαν γονεῖς; M. Ant. 2, 11, 3; 4, 11; Damianus of Larissa p. 20, 2 [ed. Schöne 1897]; PCairZen 202, 7 [254 B.C.]; EpArist 140; 4 Macc 5:18; Just. A I, 2, 1; Ath., R. 66, 11; Orig., C. Cels. 2, 13, 84; PGM 12, 235). ἐν ἀληθείᾳ indeed, truly (Jer 33:15; ἀγαπᾶν PsSol 6:6; 10:3; 14:1 al.) Mt 22:16; J 17:19; 1 Cl 63:1 (s. also 2b on 1J 3:18). ἐπιγινώσκειν τὴν χάριν ἐν ἀλ. Col 1:6; οὓς ἐγὼ ἀγαπῶ ἐν ἀλ. 2J 1, cp. 3J 1, belongs here (like the epist. formulas PFay 118, 26; 119, 26 [100–110 A.D.] τοὺς φιλοῦντας ἡμᾶς πρὸς ἀ.=‘really and truly’). ἐπʼ ἀληθείας in accordance w. the truth, truly (Demosth. 18, 17; SIG 495, 174 [III B.C.]; PAmh 68, 33; POxy 480, 9; Job, Da; Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 60; 248): διδάσκειν Mk 12:14; Lk 20:21; εἰπεῖν Mk 12:32; λέγειν Lk 4:25; συνάγεσθαι Ac 4:27; καταλαμβάνεσθαι 10:34; τελειοῦν 1 Cl 23:5; ἐπιστέλλειν 47:3; ἐπʼ ἀ. καὶ οὗτος μετʼ αὐτοῦ ἦν certainly this fellow (s. οὗτος 1aα) was with him, too Lk 22:59.—GStorz, Gebr. u. Bedeutungsentwicklg v. ἀλήθεια u. begriffsverwandten Wörtern, diss. Tüb. 1922; WLuther, ‘Wahrheit’ u. ‘Lüge’ im ältest. Griechentum ’35; HBraun, Qumran und d. NT II ’66, 118–44; I de la Potterie, TU 73, ’59, 277–94 (John); BJackayya, CTM 41, ’70, 171–75 (John); RBultmann, Untersuchungen z. J. Ἀλήθεια: ZNW 27, 1928, 113–63.—EDNT. M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv.